![]() ![]() ![]() Pricing carbon when we don't know the right price. Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the authors last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses. year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by 'p.'). Deciding the appropriate verb tense usually comes down to using the one that best reflects the time period of the action described in the text. ![]() Examples: As Smith (2004) noted, According to Stevens. The value of nothing: How to reshape market society and redefine democracy. Signal phrases utilize APA citation along with past tense verbs. Conflicting scientific opinion and uncertainties about climate change and its possible effect are huge, making the economic argument for strict GHG reductions far from clear (Pindyck, 2013, p. This theory ignores the fact that special interest groups, such as oil companies and known industrial polluters, are vocal in their opposition to governments asking for limits to the impact of carbon taxes. 408) Note: APA style requires the verb in a signal phrase. How is the price set for each tonne of gas emission? And what are the factors than influence the pricing?Īccording to Patel (2011)the theory behind carbon pricing is the assumption that the market will price it fairly. Verbs Used in MLA Style Signal Phrases (adapted from Diana Hackers Rules for Writers 5th ed., p. In British Columbia, our "carbon tax provides a signal across the economy to reduce emissions while encouraging sustainable economic activity and investment in low-carbon innovation" (Province of British Columbia, n.d., para. Here's a sample paragraph with in-text citations (bold is for emphasis only do not do this in your paper). ![]()
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